How is camptothecin administered?
How This Drug Is Given: This medication is given by infusion through a vein (intravenously, IV). There is no pill form of this medication. Irinotecan is an irritant.
What cancer does camptothecin treat?
Camptothecin, an quinolone alkaloid, is used as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of leukemia (Jones et al., 1997). Camptothecin complexes with type I DNA topoisomerase inhibiting both cleavage and religation reactions of DNA replication thus arresting growth of L.
Which camptothecin analogue is used to treat ovarian cancer?
Topotecan has been approved for ovarian cancer, cervical cancer and small cell lung cancer.
What is the mechanism of action of camptothecin in cancer?
The primary mechanism of cell killing by CPT is S-phase-specific killing through potentially lethal collisions between advancing replication forks and topo-I cleavable complexes.
Why is topotecan more useful than camptothecin?
In cell culture experiments, this agent was found to be twofold more cytotoxic than camptothecin, 25 times more lipophilic (thus more readily incorporated into liposomal bilayers), and more stable in human blood than any of the camptothecins in current clinical use.
How do you dilute camptothecin?
Camptothecin is sparingly soluble in aqueous buffers. For maximum solubility in aqueous buffers, camptothecin should first be dissolved in DMSO and then diluted with the aqueous buffer of choice. Camptothecin has a solubility of approximately 0.25 mg/ml in a 1:3 solution of DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) using this method.
How do you dissolve camptothecin?
This product is soluble in DMSO (10 mg/ml). At higher concentrations, heating is required for the product to dissolve completely (approximately 10 minutes at 95 °C), but some precipitation occurs upon cooling to room temperature. It is also soluble in 1 N NaOH (50 mg/ml).
Is camptothecin soluble in water?
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO (10mg/ml), methanol (40mg/ml), 0.1N sodium hydroxide (50mg/ml) or acetic acid; insoluble in water.
What is the stability of camptothecin?
In lyophilized form, the chemical is stable for 24 months. Once in solution, use within 3 months to prevent loss of potency.
What are the limitations of camptothecin?
Camptothecin is a naturally occurring, pentacyclic quinoline alkaloid that possesses high cytotoxic activity in a variety of cell lines. Major limitations of the drug, including poor solubility and hydrolysis under physiological conditions, prevent full clinical utilization.